فراترکیبی از کارکردهای فناوری بر نوآوری مدل کسبوکار فینتک
کلمات کلیدی:
فناوری, نوآوری, کسب و کار, فینتک, فراترکیبچکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تبیین نقش فناوریهای دیجیتال در شکلدهی نوآوری مدلهای کسبوکار در شرکتهای فناوری مالی (فینتک) است و به همین منظور نتایج 62 مطالعه منتشرشده بین سالهای ۲۰۱5 تا ۲۰۲۵ را با استفاده از روش فراترکیب تحلیل و ترکیب کردهاست. در همین راستا با بهرهمندی از تکنیک PRISMA، تعداد ۷۹۲ مقاله منحصربهفرد از پایگاههای داده دانشگاهی (Web of Science، Google Scholar، ArXiv) تحلیل شد و 62 مطالعه مرتبطتر بر اساس رتبهبندی انتخاب گردید. یافتههای تحلیل نشان میدهد که پنج پیشران اصلی فناوری—فناوریهای موبایل/عاملها/SMS، بلاکچین/رمزارز، هوش مصنوعی/هوش مصنوعی مولد، رایانش ابری/APIها و کلانداده—نوآوری مدل کسبوکار را از طریق چهار سازوکار اصلی حذف واسطهگری، شخصیسازی و خودکارسازی، راهبری اکوسیستم و کاهش هزینه همراه با مقیاسپذیری توانمند میسازند. این سازوکارها مدلهای کسبوکار را در هر یک از چهار بعد مثلث جادویی گاسمن (چگونگی، چه چیزی، چه کسی و ارزش) متحول ساخته و دو نوع از نوآوری مشتمل بر نوآوری تدریجی (تأثیرگذار بر ۱ تا ۳ بعد) و نوآوری برافکن (دگرگونکننده هر ۴ بعد) را پدید میآورند. چارچوب مستخرج مبین آن است که نوآوری مدل کسبوکار مبتنی بر فناوری در فینتک از مسیرهای نظاممند، از قابلیتهای فناورانه تا سازوکارهای نوآوری و سپس بازپیکربندیهای مشخص مدل کسبوکار، نمود و نمو میکند. یافتههای کلیدی همچنین نشان میدهد که هوش مصنوعی و کلاندادهها خدمات شخصیسازیشده و خودکار را امکانپذیر میسازند؛ بلاکچین واسطهزدایی و پیشنهادهای ارزش جدید را تسهیل میکند؛ رایانش ابری و APIها مدیریت اکوسیستم و مدلهای کسبوکار پلتفرمی را فعال مینمایند و فناوریهای موبایل، شمول مالی را به بخشهای کمتر برخوردار گسترش میدهند. ارزیابی کیفیت ادبیات این حوزه آشکار میکند که اگرچه این حوزه به سرعت در حال رشد است، اما دقت روششناختی متغیر است و نیاز به پژوهش تجربی کمی بیشتری وجود دارد. پژوهش حاضر با ارائه یک چارچوب مفهومی، شکافهای پژوهشی را شناسایی نموده و بینشهای عملی را برای مدیران راهبردی و سیاستگذارانی که درصدد تصمیمسازی از واکاوی نقش تحول دیجیتال در خدمات مالی هستند، فراهم میآورد.
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حق نشر 2026 Vahid Khashei Varnamkhasti; Seyed Soroush Ghazinoori Naeini, Mahdi Haghighi Kafash, Sahar Esmaeili Shayan (Author)

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